•  
  •  
 

Authors

Xiang-yu MA, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China;Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051 Jiangsu, China;
Xu-guo TU, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China;Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051 Jiangsu, China;
Rui-nan HE, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China;Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051 Jiangsu, China;
Ya CHEN, Advanced Materials Research Institute, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009 China;
Gui-sheng ZHU, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China;Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051 Jiangsu, China;Jiangsu Sopo Co. Ltd, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China;
Shou-yan SHAO, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China;Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051 Jiangsu, China;Jiangsu Sopo Co. Ltd, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China;
Song CHEN, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China;Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051 Jiangsu, China;Follow

Corresponding Author

Song CHEN(jsyccs@163.com)

Abstract

The electrodes of titanium based iridium tin oxides (IrSnOx) have been prepared by traditional thermal decomposition method and further applied to the electrosynthsis of 2,5-dichlorophenol in order to explore a green and high efficient synthesis route. The results showed that the electrode surface existed apparent cracks, while the intermediate layer prepared with Sn:Sb=94:6 existed less cracks and longer life time. The main products of the electrolytic reaction were 2,5-dichlorophenol, p-chlorophenol, and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. The electrosynthsis yield of 2,5-dichlorophenol reached 57% and the selectivity of 2,5-dichlorophenol was as high as 93% by using the IrSnOx as an anode, which is obviously better than those obtained by using the commercial chlorine evolution electrode, oxygen evolution electrode and Pt electrode as anodes. The selectivity of 89%, 27%, 87% and the yields of 30%, 15%, 49% were obtained by the commercial chlorine evolution electrode, oxygen evolution electrode and Pt electrode, respectively. The excellent electrocatalytic oxidation performance of the IrSnOx electrode was achieved.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

electrode, electro oxidation, IrSnOx, 2, 5-dichlorophenol

Publication Date

2017-06-29

Online Available Date

2017-04-14

Revised Date

2017-04-06

Received Date

2016-11-07

References

[1] Wang Y C(王玉灿), Ma Y(马瑛), Meng M Y(孟明扬), et al. A Study on the Preparation of 2,5-Dichlorophenol [J]. Dyestuffs and Coloration(染料与染色), 2012, 49(3): 15-6.

[2] Lu Z X(陆志勋), Lv Y W(吕延文). A Novel Synthesis Method of 2,5-Dichlorophnol [J]. Chemical Production and Technology(化学生产与技术), 2010, 17(2): 16-7.

[3] Zhu X Y(朱兴一), Chen Y Y(陈媛媛), Li F(李锋), et al. Continuous Synthesis of 2,5-Dichlorophenol [J]. Chinese Journal of Synthetic Chemistry(合成化学), 2014, 22(1): 88-90.

[4] Hans J. Contributions of organic electrosynthesis to green chemistry [J]. Comptes Rendus Chimie, 2011, 14(7): 745-65.

[5] Pletcher D. Organic Electrosynthesis [M]. Springer Netherlands, 2014.

[6] Pitner W R, Seddon K R, Stack K M, et al. Electrosynthesis of organic compounds [M]. US. 2011.

[7] Fujimoto K, Tokuda Y, Maekawa H, et al. Selective and one-pot formation of phenols by anodic oxidation [J]. Tetrahedron, 1996, 52(11): 3889-96.

[8] Chatzisymeon E, Dimou A, Mantzavinos D, et al. Electrochemical oxidation of model compounds and olive mill wastewater over DSA electrodes: 1. The case of Ti/IrO2 anode [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 167(1-3):268-274.

[9] Miyata M, Ihara I, Yoshid G, et al. Electrochemical oxidation of tetracycline antibiotics using a Ti/IrO2 anode for wastewater treatment of animal husbandry [J]. Water Science & Technology A Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2011, 63(3): 456-61.

[10] Zaviska F, Drogui P, Blais J F, et al. Electrochemical Oxidation of Chlortetracycline Using Ti/IrO2 and Ti/PbO2 Anode Electrodes: Application of Experimental Design Methodology [J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2013, 139(6): 810-21.

[11] Li X, Guo Z, Du L, et al. Decolourization and degradation of C.I. Acid Red 73 by anodic oxidation and the synergy technology of anodic oxidation coupling nanofiltration [J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2013, 97(5): 150-9.

[12] Jara C C, Salazar-Banda G R, Arratia R S, et al. Improving the stability of Sb doped Sn oxides electrode thermally synthesized by using an acid ionic liquid as solvent [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011, 171(3): 1253-62.

[13] Samet Y, Agengui L, Abdelh D R. Electrochemical degradation of chlorpyrifos pesticide in aqueous solutions by anodic oxidation at boron-doped diamond electrodes [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2010, 161(1€“2): 167-72.

[14] Xu L, Xin Y, Wang J. A comparative study on IrO2€“Ta2O5 coated titanium electrodes prepared with different methods [J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2009, 54(6): 1820-5.

[15] Malpass G R P, Neves R S, Motheo A J. A comparative study of commercial and laboratory-made Ti/Ru0.3Ti 0.7O2, DSA®; electrodes:€œIn situ€ and €œex situ€ surface characterisation and organic oxidation activity[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2006, 52(3):936-944.

[16] Kong J T, Shi S Y, Zhu X P, et al. Effect of Sb dopant amount on the structure and electrocatalytic capability of Ti/Sb-SnO2 electrodes in the oxidation of 4-chlorophenol [J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2007, 19(11): 1380-6.

[17] Zhang Z, Sun Q Q, Si Y P. Degradation Properties of Ti/Sb-SnO2 Electrodes Containing Different Intermediate Layers for Phenol [J]. Materials Science Forum, 2013, 743-744: 420-6.

[18] Huang Y C(黄永昌), Ye H J(叶慧娟), Zhang Y H(章燕豪). A Survey on the Functional Mechanism of Ti-SnO2 Layer in a Ti-supported Lead Dioxide Electrode [J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University(上海交通大学学报), 1982(4): 28-37.

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.