Abstract
Gold nanoelectrodes were prepared successfully by a programmed laser puller. The Faraday adsorptions of oxygen and iodine, and the underpotential deposition of lead on the gold nanoelectrodes were investigated. The results showed that the active areas of nanoelectrodes were dramatically higher than their appearant geometry areas, which is caused by the surface diffusion of adsorptive species from the nanoscale gold/electrolyte interface to the adjacent gold surface.
Graphical Abstract
Publication Date
2011-08-28
Online Available Date
2011-06-09
Revised Date
2011-05-21
Received Date
2011-04-30
Recommended Citation
Bao-fa SU, Wei WANG, Dong-ping ZHAN, Bin REN, Zhong-qun TIAN.
Surface Diffusion of Adsorptive Species on Gold Nanoelectrodes[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry,
2011
,
17(3): Article 11.
DOI: 10.61558/2993-074X.2844
Available at:
https://jelectrochem.xmu.edu.cn/journal/vol17/iss3/11
References
[1] Watkins J J, Chen J, White H S, et al. Zeptomole voltammetric detection and electron-transfer rate measurements using platinum electrodes of nanometer dimensions[J]. Anal Chem, 2003, 75(16): 3962-3971.
[2] Sun P, Mirkin M V. Kinetics of electron-transfer reactions at nanoelectrodes[J]. Anal Chem, 2006, 78(18): 6526-6534.
[3] Wightman R M. Probing cellular chemistry in biological systems with microelectrodes[J]. Science, 2006, 311(5767): 1570-1574.
[4] Sun P, Laforge F O, Abeyweera T P, et al. Nanoelectrochemistry of mammalian cells[J]. PNAS, 2008, 105(2): 443-448.
[5] Morris R B, Franta D J, White H S. Electrochemistry at platinum bane electrodes of width approaching molecular dimensions: breakdown of transport equations at very small electrodes[J]. J. Phys. Chem., 1987, 91(13): 3559-3564.
[6] Smith C P, White H S.Theory of the voltammetric response of electrodes of submicron dimensions. Violation of electroneutrality in the presence of excess supporting electrolyte[J]. Anal. Chem., 1993, 65(23): 3343-3353.
[7] Sun Y, Liu Y, Liang Z, et al. On the Applicability of conventional voltammetric theory to nanoscale electrochemical interfaces[J]. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009, 113(22): 9878-9883.
[8] Liu Y, He R, Zhang Q, et al. Theory of electrochemistry for nanometer-sized disk electrodes[J]. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2010, 114(24): 10812-10822.
[9] Agyekum I, Nimley C, Yang CX, et al.Combination of scanning electron microscopy in the characterization of a nanometer-sized electrode and current fluctuation observed at a nanometer-sized electrode[J]. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2010, 114(35):14970-14974.
[10] Zhan D, Velmurugan J, Mirkin MV.Adsorption/desorption of hydrogen on Pt nanoelectrodes: evidence of surface diffusion and spillover[J]. J Am Chem Soc, 2009, 131(41):14756-14760.
[11] Tu W Y, Liu W J, Cha C S, et al. Study of the powder/membrane interface by using the powder microelectrode technique I. The Pt-black/Nafion (R) interfaces[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 1998, 43(24): 3731-3739.
[12] Shao Y H, Mirkin M V, Fish G, et al. Nanometer-sized electrochemical sensors[J]. Anal Chem, 1997, 69(8): 1627-1634.
[13] Katemann B B, Schuhmann W. Fabrication and characterization of needle-type Pt-disk nanoelectrodes[J]. Electroanalysis, 2002, 14(1): 22-28.
[14] Velmurugan J, Sun P, Mirkin M V. Scanning electrochemical microscopy with gold nanotips: the effect of electrode material on electron transfer rates[J]. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009, 113(1): 459-464.
[15] Benari M D, Hefter G T. Electrochemical characteristics of the iron(III)/iron(II) system in dimethyl sulfoxide solutions[J]. Electrochim. Acta, 1991, 36(3-4): 471-477.
[16] CHa C S(查全性). Introduction to the kinetics of rlectrode processes(电极过程动力学导论)[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2002: 345-376
[17] Bard A J, Faulkner L R.Electrochemical methods: fundamentals and applications[M].New York:John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,2001:167-167
[18] Rodriguez J F, Mebrahtu T, Soriaga M P. Determination of the surface area of gold electrodes by iodine chemisorption[J]. J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem., 1987, 233(1-2): 283-289.
[19] Sanchez-Sanchez C M, Vidal-Iglesias F J, Solla-Gullon J, et al. Scanning electrochemical microscopy for studying electrocatalysis on shape-controlled gold nanoparticles and nanorods[J]. Electrochimica Acta, 2010, 55(27): 8252-8257.
[20] Henderson M J, Bitziou E, Hillman A R, et al. Lead underpotential deposition on polycrystalline gold electrode in perchloric acid solution - A combined electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and probe beam deflection study[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2001, 148(3): E105-E111.
[21] Liu Y, Bliznakov S, Dimitrov N. Comprehensive study of the application of a Pb underpotential deposition-assisted method for surface area measurement of metallic nanoporous materials[J]. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009, 113(28): 12362-12372.
[22] Velmurugan J, Zhan D P, Mirkin M V. Electrochemistry through glass[J]. Nature Chemistry, 2010, 2(6): 498-502.
[23] Zhou S M(周绍民). Metal electrodeposition--priciples and methods(金属电沉积--原理与研究方法)[M]. Shanghai: Sinence and Technology Press, 1987:197-242
Included in
Engineering Science and Materials Commons, Materials Chemistry Commons, Materials Science and Engineering Commons, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Commons, Physical Chemistry Commons