Synthesis of LiFePO₄/C Cathode by Sol-gel and Calcining Method with Chitosan Monomer

Authors

Jia XU, College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
Yan-Yan WANG, College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
Rui WANG, Harbin Pharm. Group Sanjing Pharmaceutical Shareholding Co., Ltd, Harbin 150069, China;
Bo WANG, College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
Yue PAN, College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
Dian-Xue CAO, College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
Gui-Ling WANG, College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;Follow

Corresponding Author

Gui-Ling WANG(wangguiling@hrbeu.edu.cn)

Abstract

The LiFePO₄/C cathode materials for Li-ion battery were synthesized by sol-gel and calcining method using chitosan monomer as a carbon source and a gelating agent. The structures and morphologies were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical performance was investigated by the galvanostatic charge–discharge test. When the molar ratios between chitosan monomer and LiFePO₄ were 1:1.2, the LiFePO₄/C cathode calcined at 600 ^oC showed the best performance. The particle sizes ranged 200 ～ 400 nm. The initial discharge capacity of 155 mAh.g-¹ was achieved at room temperature with discharge rate of 0.2C, while the capacity of 152 mAh.g^-1 could be maintained after 30 charge-discharge cycles. The coulombic efficiency was 97.9%.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

chitosan, LiFePO4/C, sol-gel method, Li-ion battery

DOI Link

https://doi.org/10.61558/2993-074X.2112

Publication Date

2013-04-28

Online Available Date

2012-02-21

Revised Date

2012-02-11

Received Date

2012-01-05

Recommended Citation

Jia XU, Yan-Yan WANG, Rui WANG, Bo WANG, Yue PAN, Dian-Xue CAO, Gui-Ling WANG. Synthesis of LiFePO₄/C Cathode by Sol-gel and Calcining Method with Chitosan Monomer[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2013 , 19(2): 189-192.
DOI: 10.61558/2993-074X.2112
Available at: https://jelectrochem.xmu.edu.cn/journal/vol19/iss2/10

References

[1] Sabina B, Libero D, Marina M. MW-assisted synthesis of LiFePO4 for high power applications[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2008, 180(2): 875-879.

[2] Li J(李军), Lai G T(赖桂棠), Huang H M(黄慧民), et al. Preparation and properties of high capacity LiFePO4[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学), 2007, 13(4): 403-406.

[3] Fisher C A J, Islam M S. Surface structures and crystal morphologies of LiFePO4: Relevance to electrochemical behaviour[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2008, 18: 1209-1215.

[4] Park O K, Cho Y, Lee S, et al. Who will drive electric vehicles, olivine or spinel?[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2011, 4(5): 1621-1633.

[5] Daiwon C, Prashant N K. Surfactant based sol-gel approach to nanostructured LiFePO4 for high rate Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2007, 163(2): 1064-1069.

[6] Kobayashi G, Nishimura S I, Park M S, et al. Isolation of solid solution phases in size-controlled LixFePO4 at room temperature[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2009, 19(3): 395-403.

[7] Keisuk S, Kaoru D, Kiyoshi K. Formation of impurities on phospho-olivine LiFePO4 during hydrothermal synthesis[J]. Journal of power Sources, 2008, 146(1/2): 555-558.

[8] Prosini P P , Lisi M , Zane D, et al. Determination of the chemical diffusion coefficient of lithium in LiFePO4[J]. Solid State Ionics, 2002, 148(1/2):45-51.

[9] Bai Y(白莹), Yang J M(杨觉明), Qing C B(卿春波), et al. Electrochemical performances of C-coating and co-doping LiFePO4[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学), 2011, 17(3): 334-338.

[10] Li T(李婷), Qian J F(钱江峰), Cao Y L(曹余良), et al. Electrochemical performance of Li1-xMxFePO4 cathode materials synthesized by polymer pyrolysis route[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学), 2007, 13(2): 136-139.

[11] Zou H L(邹红丽), Zhang G H(张光辉), Shen P K(沈培康). Hydrothermal reduction synthesis of LiFePO4 and its electrochemical performance[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学), 2010, 16(4): 416-419.

[12] Zhu C, Yu Y, Gu L, et al. Electrospinning of highly electroactive carbon-coated single- crystalline LiFePO4 nanowires[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2011, 50(28): 6278-6282

[13] Yu L H(余丽红), Cao Y L(曹余良), Zhang X F(张晓飞), et al. Structure and electrochemical characteristics of LiFePO4 prepared by the polyacrylates pyrolysis reduction method for Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学), 2006, 12(4): 442-444.

[14] Wang L, Liang G C, Ou X Q, et al. Effect of synthesis temperature on the properties of LiFePO4/C composites prepared by carbothermal reduction[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2009, 189(1): 423-428.

[15] Peng Y Y(彭友谊), Zhang H Y(张海燕), He C H(贺春华), et al. A study on the LiFePO4/ MWCNTs cathode materials for Li-ion batteries[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry(电化学), 2009, 15(3): 331-335.

[16] Lepage D, Michot C, Liang G, et al. A soft chemistry approach to coating of LiFePO4 with a conducting polymer[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 2011, 50(30): 6884-6887.

[17] Suh J, Matthew H. Application of chitosan-based polysaccharide biomaterials in cartilage tissue engineering: A review[J]. Biomaterials, 2000, 21(24):2589-2598.

[18] Kumar M. A review of chitin and chitosan applications[J]. Reactive and functional polymers, 2000, 46(1): 1-27.

[19] 王贵领，曹殿学，王博. 壳聚糖改性锂离子电池LiFePO4正极材料[P]. CN200910071245.2.