Abstract
This article reviews selected literatures from the authors’ research group on the development of capacitive electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices, focusing on supercapacitors and supercapatteries at both the electrode material level and device level. Electronically conducting polymers (ECPs) and transition metal oxides (TMOs) composited with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were found to be able to improve the capacitance performance as capacitive faradaic storage electrode. Carbon materials, like activated carbon (Act-C) and carbon black, were used to fabricate non-faradaic capacitive storage electrode. It was found that the electrode capacitance balance can effectively extend the maximum charging voltage (MCV) of the supercapacitor, and hence, to enhance the energy capacity of this capacitive EES device. The MCV of this kind of device can also be multiplied by bipolarly stacking the supercapacitors to meet the high voltage demand from the power device. Supercapatteries that take advantages of both capacitive and faradaic charge storage mechanisms have been proposed and demonstrated to achieve the high power capability of supercapacitors and the large storage capacity of batteries.
Graphical Abstract
Publication Date
2017-10-28
Online Available Date
2017-07-07
Revised Date
2017-07-07
Received Date
2017-04-20
Recommended Citation
Lin-po YU, Z. CHEN George.
Attempts to Improve the Energy Capacity of Capacitive Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry,
2017
,
23(5): 533-547.
DOI: 10.13208/j.electrochem.170347
Available at:
https://jelectrochem.xmu.edu.cn/journal/vol23/iss5/4
References
[1] Kammen DM, Sunter DA. City-integrated renewable energy for urban sustainability[J]. Science, 2016, 352(6288): 922-928.
[2] Stevenson AJ, Gromadskyi DG, Hu D et al. Supercapatteries with Hybrids of Redox Active Polymers and Nanostructured Carbons. Nanocarbons for Advanced Energy Storage. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2015. p. 179-210.
[3] Grey CP, Tarascon JM. Sustainability and in situ monitoring in battery development[J]. Nat Mater, 2017, 16(1): 45-56.
[4] Liu W, Song MS, Kong B et al. Flexible and Stretchable Energy Storage: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives[J]. Advanced Materials, 2017, 29(1): 1603436.
[5] Larcher D, Tarascon JM. Towards greener and more sustainable batteries for electrical energy storage[J]. Nat Chem, 2015, 7(1): 19-29.
[6] Wang Y, Zhong WH. Development of Electrolytes towards Achieving Safe and High‐Performance Energy‐Storage Devices: A Review[J]. ChemElectroChem, 2015, 2(1): 22-36.
[7] Zhang K, Han X, Hu Z et al. Nanostructured Mn-based oxides for electrochemical energy storage and conversion[J]. Chemical Society Reviews, 2015, 44(3): 699-728.
[8] Salanne M, Rotenberg B, Naoi K et al. Efficient storage mechanisms for building better supercapacitors[J]. Nature Energy, 2016, 1: 16070.
[9] Wen L, Li F, Cheng HM. Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene for Flexible Electrochemical Energy Storage: from Materials to Devices[J]. Advanced Materials, 2016, 28(22): 4306-4337.
[10] Yu LP, Chen GZ. High energy supercapattery with an ionic liquid solution of LiClO4[J]. Faraday Discussions, 2016, 190: 231-240.
[11] Yu LP, Chen GZ. Redox electrode materials for supercapatteries[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2016, 326: 604-612.
[12] Chen GZ. Supercapacitor and supercapattery as emerging electrochemical energy stores[J]. International Materials Reviews, 2017, 62(4): 173-202.
[13] Guan L, Yu L, Chen GZ. Capacitive and non-capacitive faradaic charge storage[J]. Electrochimica acta, 2016, 206: 464-478.
[14] Carlberg JC, Inganas O. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) as electrode material in electrochemical capacitors[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1997, 144(4): L61-L64.
[15] Li H, Wang J, Chu Q et al. Theoretical and experimental specific capacitance of polyaniline in sulfuric acid[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2009, 190(2): 578-586.
[16] Zhu M, Huang Y, Huang Y et al. A Highly Durable, Transferable, and Substrate-Versatile High-Performance All-Polymer Micro-Supercapacitor with Plug-and-Play Function[J]. Advanced Materials, 2017, 29(16): 1605137-n/a.
[17] Shen C, Wang C-P, Sanghadasa M et al. Flexible micro-supercapacitors prepared using direct-write nanofibers[J]. Rsc Advances, 2017, 7(19): 11724-11731.
[18] Wang X, Xu M, Fu Y et al. A Highly Conductive and Hierarchical PANI Micro/nanostructure and Its Supercapacitor Application[J]. Electrochimica acta, 2016, 222: 701-708.
[19] Zhao Z, Xie Y. Enhanced electrochemical performance of carbon quantum dots-polyaniline hybrid[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 337: 54-64.
[20] Itoi H, Hayashi S, Matsufusa H et al. Electrochemical synthesis of polyaniline in the micropores of activated carbon for high-performance electrochemical capacitors[J]. Chemical Communications, 2017, 53(22): 3201-3204.
[21] Chen GZ, Shaffer MSP, Coleby D et al. Carbon nanotube and polypyrrole composites: Coating and doping[J]. Advanced Materials, 2000, 12(7): 522-526.
[22] Hughes M, Chen GZ, Shaffer MSP et al. Electrochemical capacitance of a nanoporous composite of carbon nanotubes and polypyrrole[J]. Chemistry of Materials, 2002, 14(4): 1610-1613.
[23] Hughes M, Shaffer MSP, Renouf AC et al. Electrochemical capacitance of nanocomposite films formed by coating aligned arrays of carbon nanotubes with polypyrrole[J]. Advanced Materials, 2002, 14(5): 382-385.
[24] Snook GA, Chen GZ, Fray DJ et al. Studies of deposition of and charge storage in polypyrrole-chloride and polypyrrole-carbon nanotube composites with an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance[J]. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2004, 568(1-2): 135-142.
[25] Wu MQ, Snook GA, Gupta V et al. Electrochemical fabrication and capacitance of composite films of carbon nanotubes and polyaniline[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2005, 15(23): 2297-2303.
[26] Peng C, Snook GA, Fray DJ et al. Carbon nanotube stabilised emulsions for electrochemical synthesis of porous nanocomposite coatings of poly 3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene[J]. Chemical Communications, 2006, (44): 4629-4631.
[27] Snook GA, Peng C, Fray DJ et al. Achieving high electrode specific capacitance with materials of low mass specific capacitance: Potentiostatically grown thick micro-nanoporous PEDOT films[J]. Electrochemistry communications, 2007, 9(1): 83-88.
[28] Snook GA, Chen GZ. The measurement of specific capacitances of conducting polymers using the quartz crystal microbalance[J]. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2008, 612(1): 140-146.
[29] Peng C, Jin J, Chen GZ. A comparative study on electrochemical co-deposition and capacitance of composite films of conducting polymers and carbon nanotubes[J]. Electrochimica acta, 2007, 53(2): 525-537.
[30] Peng C, Zhang SW, Zhou XH et al. Unequalisation of electrode capacitances for enhanced energy capacity in asymmetrical supercapacitors[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2010, 3(10): 1499-1502.
[31] Zhou XH, Peng C, Chen GZ. 20 V stack of aqueous supercapacitors with carbon (-), titanium bipolar plates and CNT-polypyrrole composite (+)[J]. Aiche Journal, 2012, 58(3): 974-983.
[32] Zhou X, Chen GZ. Electrochemical Performance of Screen-Printed Composite Coatings of Conducting Polymers and Carbon Nanotubes on Titanium Bipolar Plates in Aqueous Asymmetrical Supercapacitors[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2012, 18(6): 548-565.
[33] Cherusseri J, Kar KK. Polypyrrole-decorated 2D carbon nanosheet electrodes for supercapacitors with high areal capacitance[J]. Rsc Advances, 2016, 6(65): 60454-60466.
[34] Wang HW, Zhang Y, Sun WP et al. Conversion of uniform graphene oxide/polypyrrole composites into functionalized 3D carbon nanosheet frameworks with superior supercapacitive and sodium-ion storage properties[J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2016, 307: 17-24.
[35] Bleda-Martinez MJ, Peng C, Zhang SG et al. Electrochemical methods to enhance the capacitance in activated carbon/polyaniline composites[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2008, 155(9): A672-A678.
[36] Jian X, Li JG, Yang HM et al. Carbon quantum dots reinforced polypyrrole nanowire via electrostatic self-assembly strategy for high-performance supercapacitors[J]. Carbon, 2017, 114: 533-543.
[37] Dai ZX, Peng C, Chae JH et al. Cell voltage versus electrode potential range in aqueous supercapacitors[J]. Scientific Reports, 2015, 5.
[38] Trasatti S, Buzzanca G. Ruthenium dioxide: A new interesting electrode material. Solid state structure and electrochemical behaviour[J]. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 1971, 29(2): A1-A5.
[39] Zheng JP, Cygan PJ, Jow TR. HYDROUS RUTHENIUM OXIDE AS AN ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1995, 142(8): 2699-2703.
[40] Zheng JP. Ruthenium oxide-carbon composite electrodes for electrochemical capacitors[J]. Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, 1999, 2(8): 359-361.
[41] Pang SC, Anderson MA, Chapman TW. Novel electrode materials for thin-film ultracapacitors: Comparison of electrochemical properties of sol-gel-derived and electrodeposited manganese dioxide[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2000, 147(2): 444-450.
[42] Wu MQ, Snook GA, Chen GZ et al. Redox deposition of manganese oxide on graphite for supercapacitors[J]. Electrochemistry communications, 2004, 6(5): 499-504.
[43] Jin X, Zhou W, Zhang S et al. Nanoscale microelectrochemical cells on carbon nanotubes[J]. Small, 2007, 3(9): 1513-1517.
[44] Ng KC, Zhang SW, Peng C et al. Individual and Bipolarly Stacked Asymmetrical Aqueous Supercapacitors of CNTs/SnO(2) and CNTs/MnO(2) Nanocomposites[J]. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2009, 156(11): A846-A853.
[45] Zhang SW, Peng C, Ng KC et al. Nanocomposites of manganese oxides and carbon nanotubes for aqueous supercapacitor stacks[J]. Electrochimica acta, 2010, 55(25): 7447-7453.
[46] Liu ZN, Xu KL, Sun H et al. One-Step Synthesis of Single-Layer MnO2 Nanosheets with Multi-Role Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate for High-Performance Pseudocapacitors[J]. Small, 2015, 11(18): 2182-2191.
[47] Zhang F, Zhang TF, Yang X et al. A high-performance supercapacitor-battery hybrid energy storage device based on graphene-enhanced electrode materials with ultrahigh energy density[J]. Energy & Environmental Science, 2013, 6(5): 1623-1632.
[48] Chae JH, Chen GZ. 1.9 V aqueous carbon-carbon supercapacitors with unequal electrode capacitances[J]. Electrochimica acta, 2012, 86: 248-254.
[49] Bichat MP, Raymundo-Piñero E, Béguin F. High voltage supercapacitor built with seaweed carbons in neutral aqueous electrolyte[J]. Carbon, 2010, 48(15): 4351-4361.
[50] Demarconnay L, Raymundo-Piñero E, Béguin F. A symmetric carbon/carbon supercapacitor operating at 1.6 V by using a neutral aqueous solution[J]. Electrochemistry communications, 2010, 12(10): 1275-1278.
[51] Gromadskyi DG, Chae JH, Norman SA et al. Correlation of energy storage performance of supercapacitor with iso-propanol improved wettability of aqueous electrolyte on activated carbon electrodes of various apparent densities[J]. Applied Energy, 2015, 159: 39-50.
[52] Makino S, Shinohara Y, Ban T et al. 4 V class aqueous hybrid electrochemical capacitor with battery-like capacity[J]. Rsc Advances, 2012, 2(32): 12144-12147.