Influence of Heat Treatment Time on Cathode Material Cr₈O₂₁ for Lithium Battery

Authors

Jiu-Kang Teng, 1. Guizhou Meiling Power Sources Co. Ltd, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources,Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China;
Qing-Jie Wang, 1. Guizhou Meiling Power Sources Co. Ltd, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources,Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China;Follow
Liang Zhang, 1. Guizhou Meiling Power Sources Co. Ltd, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources,Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China;
Hong-Mei Zhang, 1. Guizhou Meiling Power Sources Co. Ltd, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources,Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China;
Xiao-Tao Chen, 1. Guizhou Meiling Power Sources Co. Ltd, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources,Zunyi 563003, Guizhou, China;
Peng Zhang, 2. College of Energy & School of Energy Research, Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China;
Jin-Bao Zhao, 2. College of Energy & School of Energy Research, Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Power Source Technology for New Energy Vehicle, Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China;

Corresponding Author

Qing-Jie Wang(wqj3401@163.com)

Abstract

Chromium oxide (Cr₈O₂₁) cathode material for lithium batteries was synthesized by thermal decomposition of chromium trioxide (CrO₃) at high temperature. The electrochemical properties of chromium oxide depended on the time and temperature during the heat treatment. Pure phase chromium oxide was prepared, and the effects of heat treatment time on the structures and electrochemical properties of Cr₈O₂₁ were systematically studied. The first discharge mechanism of chromium oxide in lithium batteries was explored, and the results were similar to that in lithium-sulfur batteries. The crystal phases and electrochemical properties of the prepared chromium oxide were analyzed by TGA, XRD, SEM, EDS, ICP, EIS techniques and constant current discharge measurement. The results show that heat treatment time had an important impact. Extending the heat treatment time was beneficial to improve the electrochemical properties of the material. The less the amount of residual CrO₃, the better the electrochemical performance. The severe oxidation reaction between CrO₃ and the electrolyte caused the electrode to be corroded. The material obtained in 48 h exhibited excellent performance, complete crystallization, good morphology, and low electrochemical impedance. At a constant discharge current of 0.05 mA, the specific capacity of the material reached 383.26 mAh·g^-1 with the specific energy of 1153.83 mWh·g^-1 and the average discharge voltage of 3.01 V. This study provides an effective way to prepare pure phase chromium oxide and proves its potential application in the field of lithium batteries.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

lithium battery, cathode material, Cr8O21, chromium oxide, heat treatment time

DOI Link

https://doi.org/10.13208/j.electrochem.210121

Publication Date

2021-12-28

Online Available Date

2021-05-04

Revised Date

2021-04-14

Received Date

2021-01-25

Recommended Citation

Jiu-Kang Teng, Qing-Jie Wang, Liang Zhang, Hong-Mei Zhang, Xiao-Tao Chen, Peng Zhang, Jin-Bao Zhao. Influence of Heat Treatment Time on Cathode Material Cr₈O₂₁ for Lithium Battery[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2021 , 27(6): 689-697.
DOI: Chromium oxide (Cr₈O₂₁) cathode material for lithium batteries was synthesized by thermal decomposition of chromium trioxide (CrO₃) at high temperature. The electrochemical properties of chromium oxide depended on the time and temperature during the heat treatment. Pure phase chromium oxide was prepared, and the effects of heat treatment time on the structures and electrochemical properties of Cr₈O₂₁ were systematically studied. The first discharge mechanism of chromium oxide in lithium batteries was explored, and the results were similar to that in lithium-sulfur batteries. The crystal phases and electrochemical properties of the prepared chromium oxide were analyzed by TGA, XRD, SEM, EDS, ICP, EIS techniques and constant current discharge measurement. The results show that heat treatment time had an important impact. Extending the heat treatment time was beneficial to improve the electrochemical properties of the material. The less the amount of residual CrO₃, the better the electrochemical performance. The severe oxidation reaction between CrO₃ and the electrolyte caused the electrode to be corroded. The material obtained in 48 h exhibited excellent performance, complete crystallization, good morphology, and low electrochemical impedance. At a constant discharge current of 0.05 mA, the specific capacity of the material reached 383.26 mAh·g^-1 with the specific energy of 1153.83 mWh·g^-1 and the average discharge voltage of 3.01 V. This study provides an effective way to prepare pure phase chromium oxide and proves its potential application in the field of lithium batteries.

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